NATIONAL AFFAIRS
1️⃣ Government Releases Comprehensive “India@2025 Report”
The Government of India released India@2025, a consolidated report summarising progress across sectors.
🔹 Key Areas Covered:
Governance & digital public infrastructure
Economic growth & social welfare
Infrastructure & logistics
Health, education and skilling
🔹 Significance:
Serves as a baseline for India@2047 vision
Important reference for policy debates
Useful for UPSC essay and GS-II answers
📌 UPSC GS-II & Essay: Governance, development models
2️⃣ India Completes 10 Years of Digital India Programme
2025 marks 10 years of Digital India.
🔹 Major Achievements:
UPI becomes global benchmark
Digital identity ecosystem matures
Online service delivery mainstreamed
Reduction in welfare leakages
🔹 Challenges Highlighted:
Digital divide
Cyber security risks
Data privacy concerns
📌 GS-II: E-governance, inclusive development
3️⃣ Government Reviews National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP)
The Ministry of Finance reviewed progress under NIP.
🔹 Outcomes:
Improved logistics efficiency
Higher capital expenditure
Strong multiplier effect on economy
🌍 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
4️⃣ India Strengthens Leadership Role in the Global South
India highlighted:
Development-centric diplomacy
Affordable digital public infrastructure exports
Vaccine, food and climate cooperation
This reinforces India’s non-hegemonic global leadership model.
📌 UPSC GS-II: India’s foreign policy
5️⃣ United Nations Releases Year-End Global Risk Assessment
Key global risks identified:
Climate change
Geopolitical conflicts
Cyber warfare
AI misuse
India’s disaster preparedness and digital systems were positively noted.
💹 ECONOMY & FINANCE
6️⃣ India Ends 2025 as Fastest-Growing Major Economy
Economic indicators show:
Strong domestic demand
Stable inflation management
Infrastructure-led growth
Growing formalisation
This strengthens India’s long-term growth trajectory.
📌 GS-III: Indian economy
7️⃣ RBI Reviews Financial Stability for 2025
The RBI noted:
Strong banking sector balance sheets
Lower NPAs
Resilient financial institutions
🛡️ DEFENCE & SECURITY
8️⃣ India Reviews Defence Indigenisation Progress
Key highlights:
Higher indigenous defence procurement
Export growth
Reduced import dependence
📌 GS-III: Defence self-reliance
9️⃣ Cyber Security Identified as Top National Security Priority
The government emphasised:
Protection of critical infrastructure
Cyber crime prevention
Capacity building in cyber defence
🔬 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
🔟 ISRO Concludes 2025 with Multiple Technological Milestones
Highlights:
Progress in human spaceflight programme
Reusable launch vehicle testing
Expansion of private space ecosystem
📌 GS-III: Space technology
1️⃣1️⃣ India Emerges as Major Player in Artificial Intelligence Adoption
Key areas:
Governance applications
Healthcare diagnostics
Agriculture and climate modelling
Ethical AI frameworks gained importance.
🌱 ENVIRONMENT & AGRICULTURE
1️⃣2️⃣ India Reviews Climate Commitments at Year End
Progress noted in:
Renewable energy expansion
Emission intensity reduction
Climate adaptation measures
Challenges remain in financing and implementation.
1️⃣3️⃣ IMD Releases Annual Climate Summary 2025
Observations:
Rising temperature trends
Increased weather variability
Higher frequency of extreme events
🏛️ STATE NEWS
1️⃣4️⃣ Several States Release Year-End Governance Reports
Focus areas:
Digital service delivery
Welfare outcomes
Infrastructure development
1️⃣5️⃣ States Expand Skill Development & Employment Missions
Priority given to:
Youth employability
Future-ready skills
Local industry linkage
📊 REPORTS, RANKINGS & INDEXES
1️⃣6️⃣ India Among Top Performers in Global Digital Public Infrastructure
Global reports recognised India for:
Scale
Cost efficiency
Replicability for developing nations
1️⃣7️⃣ World Bank & IMF Year-End Outlook
Key takeaways:
Global uncertainty persists
India remains growth anchor
Structural reforms remain critical
🧾 QUICK REVISION – 31 DECEMBER 2025
India@2025 report released
10 years of Digital India completed
India ends 2025 as fastest-growing major economy
Defence indigenisation reviewed
Cyber security identified as top priority
ISRO concludes year with key milestones
Climate risks intensifying
India’s Global South leadership strengthened
📝 MCQs for Practice (31 December 2025)
1. Digital India Programme completed how many years in 2025?
a) 5
b) 7
c) 10
d) 12
Answer: c)
2. India@2025 report mainly focuses on:
a) Defence strategy
b) Governance and development progress
c) Election reforms
d) Foreign policy only
Answer: b)
3. India’s growth model in 2025 was mainly driven by:
a) Exports only
b) Domestic consumption and infrastructure
c) Foreign aid
d) Agricultural exports
Answer: b)
🧠 UPSC MAINS PRACTICE QUESTION
“Assess India’s progress in governance, economy and technology in 2025. What lessons can be drawn for achieving the India@2047 vision?”
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